PENNATE DIATOMS WITH RAPHES - Bacillariophyceae (D-E)
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Names in bold italic print are current names for taxa reported from the central United States.
Names in standard italic print are synonyms reported in the references cited with them.

For example, Diploneis elliptica (Kütz.) Cl. was reported under that name from 3 states in several references, and it was reported under the synonym Navicula elliptica Kütz. in 3 references, which are listed under the entry for that name in another section of this list.

The entry for Encyonema lunula (Ehr.) Grun. indicates that this name (reported from Kansas by Curtis, 1901) is a synonym of Encyonema minutum (Hilse ex Rab.) D. Mann, which is included elsewhere in this list.

The names of the states are abbreviated with their postal codes: CO = Colorado, KS = Kansas, MO = Missouri, NE = Nebraska, OK = Oklahoma.
Denticula elegans Kütz.
    KS: Curtis (1901), Harris & Eberle (2001), Wujek et al. (1980)
    NE: Andersen & Walker (1920), Elmore (1921), Roemer et al. (1984)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
Denticula elegans var. kittoniana (Grun.) DeT.
    NE: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
Denticula frigida Kütz. = Denticula tenuis var. frigida (Kütz.) Grun.
    KS: Wujek (1965)
Denticula splendens = ?
    KS: Curtis (1901) [see Eberle (1981:38)]
Denticula tenuis Kütz.
    KS: Curtis (1901), Patrick & Reimer (1975)
    OK: Kennedy & Pfiester (1984)
Denticula tenuis var. frigida (Kütz.) Grun.
        Synonyms:
            Denticula frigida Kütz.
Denticula thermalis Kütz.
    KS: Curtis (1901), Patrick & Reimer (1975)
    OK: Wilhm et al. (1977), Willson & Forest (1957)
Diadesmis confervacea Kütz.
        Synonyms:
            Navicula confervacea (Kütz.) Grun.
Diadesmis contenta (Grun.) D. Mann
        Synonyms:
            Navicula contenta var. biceps (Arn.) V.H.
Diadesmis peregrina W. Sm.
        Synonyms:
            Navicula confervacea var. hungarica Grun.
            Navicula confervacea var. peregrina (W. Sm.) Grun.
Diploneis elliptica (Kütz.) Cl.
    KS: Wujek et al. (1980)
    NE: Elmore (1921)
    OK: Koch & Risser (1974), Pfiester et al. (1979), Troeger (1983)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
        Synonyms:
            Navicula elliptica Kütz.
Diploneis fusca var. hyperborea (Grun.) Hust.
    KS: Wujek et al. (1980)
Diploneis interrupta (Kütz.) Cl.
    KS: Harris & Eberle (2001)
        Synonyms:
            Navicula interrupta Kütz.
Diploneis marginestriata Hust.
    KS: Wujek et al. (1980)
    OK: Koch & Risser (1974), Pfiester et al. (1979)
Diploneis oblongella (Naeg. ex Kütz.) Ross
    KS: Harris & Eberle (2001), Wenke & Eberle (1986)
    NE: Roemer et al. (1984)
    OK: Koch & Risser (1974)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
        Synonyms:
            Navicula elliptica var. oblongella (Naeg. ex Kütz.) Grun.
Diploneis oculata (Bréb.) Cl.
    MO: Pamperl (1980)
    OK: Koch & Risser (1974), Troeger (1978)
        Synonyms:
            Navicula oculata Bréb.
Diploneis pseudovalis Hust.
    KS: Wenke & Eberle (1985, 1986)
    NE: Hoagland et al. (1982), Patrick & Reimer (1966)
Diploneis puella (Schum.) Cl.
    KS: Czarnecki & Reinke (1981)
    MO: Pamperl (1980)
    NE: Hoagland et al. (1982)
    OK: Koch & Risser (1974), Pfiester et al. (1979), Troeger (1978)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
Diploneis smithii (Bréb. ex W. Sm.) Cl.
    KS: WPSS (1961-1963)
    OK: Hern et al. (1979), Koch (1975), Seyfer & Wilhm (1977), Wilhm et al. (1977), Wilhm et al. (1978),
           Williams (1962, 1964, 1972), Williams & Scott (1962), WPSS (1961-1963, 1966)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
        Synonyms:
            Navicula smithii Bréb. ex W. Sm.
Diploneis smithii f. elliptica ? = ?
    OK: Hern et al. (1979)
Diploneis smithii var. pumila (Grun.) Hust.
    KS: Williams et al. (1979)

Encyonema lunatum (W. Sm.) V.H.
        Synonyms:
            Cymbella lunata W. Sm.
Encyonema lunula (Ehr.) Grun. = Encyonema minutum (Hilse ex Rab.) D. Mann
    KS: Curtis (1901)
Encyonema minutum (Hilse ex Rab.) D. Mann
        Synonyms:
            Cocconema lunula Ehr.
            Cymbella minuta Hilse ex Rab.
            Cymbella ventricosa (Kütz.) Kütz.
            Encyonema lunula (Ehrenb) Grun.
            Encyonema ventricosum (Kütz.) Grun.
Encyonema minutum f. latens (Krasske) comb. nov.?
        Synonyms:
            Cymbella minuta f. latens Krasske
Encyonema muelleri (Hust.) D. Mann
        Synonyms:
            Cymbella muelleri Hust.
Encyonema prostratum (Berk.) Kütz.
    NE: Elmore (1921)
        Synonyms:
            Cymbella prostrata (Berk.) Cl.
Encyonema prostratum var. auerswaldii (Rab.) comb. nov.?
        Synonyms:
            Cymbella prostrata var. auerswaldii (Rab.) Reim.
Encyonema silesiacum (Bleisch ex Rab.) D. Mann
        Synonyms:
            Cymbella minuta var. silesiaca (Bleisch ex Rab.) Reim.
Encyonema triangulum (Ehr.) Kütz.
    KS: Curtis (1901), Harris & Eberle (2001)
        Synonyms:
            Cymbella triangulum (Ehr.) Cl.
Encyonema turgidum (Greg.) Grun. ex A.S.
    KS: Curtis (1901), Elmore (1921)
    NE: Andersen & Walker (1920), Elmore (1921)
        Synonyms:
            Cymbella turgida Greg.
Encyonema ventricosum (Kütz.) Grun. = Encyonema minutum (Hilse ex Rab.) D. Mann
    KS: Curtis (1901)
    NE: Elmore (1921)
Entomoneis alata (Ehr.) Ehr.
    CO: M.K. Morris et al. (1979b)
    KS: Harris & Eberle (2001), Reinke (1985), Wenke & Eberle (1986), Williams et al. (1979)
    Plains States: ?Patrick & Reimer (1975)
        Synonyms:
            Amphiprora alata (Ehr.) Kütz.
            Amphiprora conspicua Grev.
            Navicula alata Ehr.
Entomoneis ornata (Bail.) Reim.
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
        Synonyms:
            Amphiprora ornata Bail.
Entomoneis paludosa (W. Sm.) Reim.
    KS: Harris & Eberle (2001), Reinke (1985), Wenke & Eberle (1986), Wujek et al. (1980)
    OK: Hern et al. (1979), Seyfer & Wilhm (1977)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
        Synonyms:
            Amphiprora paludosa W. Sm.
Entomoneis paludosa var. duplex (Donk.) Czarn. & Reinke
    KS: Czarnecki & Reinke (1981), Czarnecki & Reinke (1982a)
Entomoneis pulchra (Bail.) Reim.
        Synonyms:
            Amphiprora pulchra Bail.
Entomoneis robusta (McCall) Reim.
    KS: Harris & Eberle (2001)
    OK: Kennedy & Pfiester (1984)
Epithemia adnata (Kütz.) Bréb.
    OK: Troeger (1983)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
        Synonyms:
            Cystopleura zebra (Ehr.) Kuntze
            Epithemia zebra (Ehr.) Kütz.
            Eunotia zebra Ehr.
Epithemia adnata var. minor (Perag. & Herib.) Patr.
    KS: Czarnecki & Reinke (1981)
Epithemia adnata var. porcellus (Kütz.) Patr.
    OK: Troeger & Menzel (1986)
        Synonyms:
            Epithemia zebra var. porcellus (Kütz.) Grun.
Epithemia adnata var. proboscidea (Kütz.) Patr.
    OK: Pfiester et al. (1979)
Epithemia adnata var. saxonica (Kütz.) Patr.
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
Epithemia argus (Ehr.) Kütz.
    KS: Wolle (1889)
    NE: ?Webber (1890)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
        Synonyms:
            Cystopleura argus (Ehr.) Kuntze
Epithemia argus var. alpestris Grun.
    KS: Czarnecki & Reinke (1981)
Epithemia argus var. longicornis (Ehr.) Grun.
    KS: Harris & Eberle (2001)
Epithemia gibba (Ehr.) Kütz. = Rhopalodia gibba (Ehr.) O. Müll.
    KS: Curtis (1901), Wolle (1889)
    NE: Webber (1889, 1890)
Epithemia gibba var. ventricosa (Kütz.) Grun. = Rhopalodia gibba var. ventricosa (Kütz.) 
    H. & M. Perag.
    KS: Curtis (1901)
Epithemia gibberula (Ehr.) Kütz. = Rhopalodia gibberula (Ehr.) O. Müll.
    KS: Curtis (1901)
Epithemia ocellata (Ehr.) Kütz.
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
        Synonyms:
            Cystopleura ocellata (Ehr.) Kuntze
Epithemia sorex Kütz.
    KS: Curtis (1901), Wujek et al. (1980)
    OK: Koch & Risser (1974), Troeger & Menzel (1986), Wilhm et al. (1977), Wilhm et al. (1978)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
        Synonyms:
            Cystopleura sorex (Kütz.) Kuntze
Epithemia turgida (Ehr.) Kütz.
    KS: Harris & Eberle (2001), Wolle (1889), Wujek et al. (1980)
    NE: Webber (1889, 1890)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
        Synonyms:
            Cystopleura turgida (Ehr.) Kuntze
            Eunotia faba Ehr.
            Eunotia turgida (Ehr.) Ehr.
Epithemia turgida var. granulata (Ehr.) Grun.
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1975)
        Synonyms:
            Eunotia granulata Ehr.
            Eunotia librile Ehr.
Epithemia turgida var. zebrina (Ehr.) Rab.
        Synonyms:
            Eunotia zebrina Ehr.
Epithemia zebra (Ehr.) Kütz. = Epithemia adnata (Kütz.) Bréb.
    KS: Curtis (1901)
Epithemia zebra var. porcellus (Kütz.) Grun. = Epithemia adnata var. porcellus (Kütz.) Patr.
    OK: Pfiester & Terry (1978), Troeger (1978)
Eucocconeis lapponica var. ninckei (Guerm. & Mang.) Edlund
        Synonyms:
            Achnanthes lapponica var. ninckei (Guerm. & Mang.) Reim.
Eunotia amphioxys Ehr. = Hantzschia amphioxys (Ehr.) Grun.
    NE: Ehrenberg (1856)
    OK: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia arcus Ehr.
    KS: Wujek et al. (1980)
    NE: Elmore (1921)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
Eunotia curvata (Kütz.) Lagerst.
    KS: Wujek et al. (1980)
    MO: Pamperl (1980)
    NE: Rosowski et al. (1986)
    OK: Koch & Risser (1974), Pfiester et al. (1979), Seyfer & Wilhm (1977), Troeger (1978, 1983)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
        Synonyms:
            Eunotia lunaris (Ehr.) Grun.
Eunotia diodon Ehr.
    NE: Andersen & Walker (1920), Elmore (1921)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
Eunotia faba Ehr. = Epithemia turgida (Ehr.) Kütz.? [see VanLandingham (1967-1979:1517-1518)]
    OK: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia fallax A. Cl.
    OK: Troeger (1983)
Eunotia formica Ehr. = Eunotia nodosa Ehr.
    NE: Elmore (1921)
    OK: Troeger (1978)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
Eunotia gibba Ehr. = Rhopalodia gibba (Ehr.) O. Müll.
    NE: Ehrenberg (1856)
    OK: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia gibberula Ehr. = Rhopalodia gibberula (Ehr.) O. Müll.
    NE: Ehrenberg (1856)
    OK: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia glacialis Meist.
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
        Synonyms:
            Eunotia gracilis (Ehr.) Rab.
Eunotia gracilis (Ehr.) Rab. = Eunotia glacialis Meist.
    KS: Curtis (1901)
Eunotia granulata Ehr. = Epithemia turgida var. granulata (Ehr.) Brun
    NE: Ehrenberg (1856)
    OK: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia incisa W. Sm. ex Greg.
    OK: Troeger (1983)
Eunotia librile Ehr. = Epithemia turgida var. granulata (Ehr.) Brun
    NE: Ehrenberg (1856)
    OK: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia lunaris (Ehr.) Grun. = Eunotia curvata (Kütz.) Lagerst.
    KS: Curtis (1901)
    NE: Andersen & Walker (1920), Elmore (1921)
Eunotia lunula Ehr. = Epithemia lunula (Ehr.) Ralfs? [see Patrick & Reimer (1966:221)]
    KS: Curtis (1901)
Eunotia maior (W. Sm.) Rab. [also as E. major]
    NE: Andersen & Walker (1920), Elmore (1921)
    OK: Pfiester et al. (1979)
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
Eunotia monodon Ehr.
    KS: Wujek et al. (1980)
Eunotia naegelii Migula
    OK: Pfiester et al. (1979)
Eunotia nodosa Ehr.
        Synonyms:
            Eunotia formica Ehr.
Eunotia parallela Ehr.
    KS: Wujek et al. (1980)
Eunotia paradoxa Ehr. = ?
    NE: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia pectinalis (O. Müll.) Rab.
    OK: Hern et al. (1979)
Eunotia pectinalis var. minor (Kütz.) Rab.
        Synonyms:
            Eunotia pectinalis var. minor f. impressa Ehr.
Eunotia pectinalis var. minor f. impressa Ehr. = Eunotia pectinalis var. minor (Kütz.) Rab.
    OK: Troeger (1978, 1983)
Eunotia pectinalis var. ventricosa Grun.
    Plains States: Patrick & Reimer (1966)
Eunotia perpusilla Grun.
    OK: Pfiester et al. (1979)
Eunotia septentrionalis Østr.
    OK: Pfiester et al. (1979)
Eunotia sphaerula Ehr. = ?
    NE: Ehrenberg (1856)
    OK: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia turgida (Ehr.) Ehr. = Epithemia turgida (Ehr.) Kütz.
    NE: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia valida Hust.
    OK: Troeger (1978)
Eunotia zebra Ehr. = Epithemia adnata (Kütz.) Bréb.
    OK: Ehrenberg (1856)
Eunotia zebrina Ehr. = Epithemia turgida var. zebrina (Ehr.) Rab.
    NE: Ehrenberg (1856)
    OK: Ehrenberg (1856)
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