Part A Definitions (2 points each)

1. Anode - a negatively charged electrode
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2._Combustion__  is the burning in oxygen to produce flame and heat.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

3. Electrolysis - splitting a molecule using electricity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

4. _Cathode_ is a positively charged electrode.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

5. Oxidation state - The charge that develops on an atom due to loss or gain of electron(s).
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

6. _Electroplating__  is the coating of an object with matter, using electricity.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

7. Hydrocarbon - A molecule composed only of carbon and hydrogen
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

8. _Isomer_  is a molecule which has the same formula but different structure.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

9. Primary carbon - A carbon attached to only one other carbon.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

10. _Triple bond_  is the sharing of six electrons.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Part B. Concepts

1 . In the following reaction, identify the oxidizing agent, the reducing agent, the oxidized element and the reduced element (8 points)
     4 Ag + O₂ + 2 H₂O ---> 4 Ag⁺ + OH^-
oxidized element = Ag
reduced element = O
oxidizing agent = O₂
reducing agent = Ag
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2. Indicate the oxidation state of the underlined element in each of the following compounds. (6 points)
PbSO₄ +2 (sulfate is -2, uncharged compound)
     KMnO₄ +7 (O is -2 for -8 total, K is +1, uncharged compound)
     CO₃^2- +4 (O is -2 for -6 total, -2 charged ion)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

3. List the definitions for oxidation and reduction. (6 points)
                        Oxidation                    Reduction
            gain of oxygen                    loss of oxygen
            loss of hydrogen                 gain of hydrogen
            loss of electrons                  gain of electrons
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

4. Construct a diagram of a water electrolyzing cell. (5 points)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

5. Name the following molecules. (6 points) 

2-methylbutane                        pentane                                            1-butanol
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

6. Describe the process of separating road tar from gasoline. (5 points) 
The mixture must be heating to a point that the smaller molecule (gasoline) will be vaporized.  The gasoline in the gas phase will then expand into a cooling reservoir, and condense.  The gasoline fraction is then collected.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

7. Draw a box around each functional group in the following molecule and label it. (10 points) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

8. What is a functional group anyway? (4 points)
An atom or group of atoms which gives a molecule it's distinctive properties.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Part C. Multiple Choice (2 points each)

1. What of the following compounds is an ether? 
    a. CH₃-CO-CH₃
    b. CH₃CH₂-OH
    c. C₂H₅-O-C₂H₅
    d. CH₃(CH₂)₅-OH
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2. CH₃-CHOH-CH₃ is a 
    a. primary alcohol
    b. secondary alcohol
    c. tertiary alcohol
    d. quaternary alcohol
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

3. What is the name of CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃? 
    a. tetrane
    b. propane
    c. tetracarbon decahydrogen
    d. butane
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

4. What is the name of 
    a, 1,1,2,2-tetramethylethane
    b. 2,3-dimethylbutane
    c. 2-isopropylpropane
    d. none of the above
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

5. The amount of heat delivered from octane compared to propane is 
    a. A greater amount per gram.
    b. An equal amount per gram.
    c. A lesser amount per gram
    d. Not enough information is provided.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

6. Which of the following molecule pairs would make a good buffer system? 
    a. HCl and NaCl
    b. NaCl and CH₃COOH
    c. CH₃COONa and HCl
    d. CH₃COOH and CH₃COONa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

7. The oxidation state of sulfur in SO₄^2- is 
    a. +6
    b. +8
    c. -8
    d. -6
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

8. The pH of a solution having a pOH of 4 is 
    a. 4
    b. -4
    c. 14
    d. 10
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

9. The molarity of a solution containing 113.0 g NaCl in 250.0 mL of water is 
    a. 2.1
    b. 26.4
    c. 7.7
    d. 113.0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

10. The normality of a 1.2 molar solution of sulfuric acid is 
    a. 1.2
    b. 2.4
    c. none of the above
    d. not enough information is given
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

11. If 25 mL of 3 M HCl is diluted to 100 mL, the molarity is 
    a. 12.0
    b. 0.75
    c. 3.00
    d. none of the above
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

12. Ammonia, NH₃, is a(n) 
    a. acid
    b. base
    c. conjugate acid
    d. conjugate base
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

13. Which of the following substances could be added to a lake to counteract the effect of acid rain?
    a. vinegar, CH₃COOH
    b. Tums, CaCO₃
    c. sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH₂PO₄
    d. none of the above
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

14. The following substance with the highest boiling point would be 
    a. CH₃-O-CH₃
    b. CH₃CH₂-O-CH₂CH₃
    c. CH₃OH
    d. not enough information is given
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

15. The atmosphere of Jupiter contains mostly hydrogen and methane. Which of the following terms would describe this atmosphere? 
    a. acidic
    b. oxidizing
    c. reducing
    d. basic
 
 

Part A. Definitions (2 points each)

1. Chemistry - Study of the structure, properties and changes of matter
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2. Matter - Anything that has mass and occupies space 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

3. Atom - The smallest particle of matter which retains the identity of an element. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

4. _Density_ is mass per unit volume. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

5. _Atomic mass_ is the number of atomic mass units an atom weighs. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

6. _Compound__  is a combination of 2 or more elements. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

7. Somatic mutation - A mutation which is not passed on to offspring 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

8. _Electronegativity_  is how strongly an atom pulls on another atom's electrons. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

9. _Cation_ - A positively charged ion 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

10. _Ionic bond_  is an electrostatic attraction between a cation and anion
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

11. Tetrahedral molecule - Molecule which has electrons pairs in four locations, all of which are involved in bonding with an atom 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

12. _Neutron_  is a subatomic particle having no charge and a mass of one atomic mass unit.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

13. Solvent - The part of a solution present in greater amount 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

14. _Condensation_ is the conversion of a gas to a liquid 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

15. Molar mass - The mass in grams equal to the formula weight of a molecule 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Part B. Multiple Choice (2 points each)
1 . Which of the following elements has chemical properties similar to those of potassium? 
    a. Calcium
    b. Scandium
    c. Rubidiurn
    d. Strontium
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2. Which of the following elements is an alkali metal? 
    a. He
    b. Na
    c. O
    d. Cl
 
 

3. How many atoms of hydrogen are involved in this equation? 
    a. 9
    b. 18
    c. 27
    d. 36
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

4. How many molecules of oxygen are involved? 
    a. 25
    b. 50
    c. 100
    d. 200
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

5. If I begin with 2 moles of C₈H₁₈, how many moles of CO₂ should I end up with? 
    a. 2
    b. 4
    c. 16
    d. 32
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

6. How many elements are involved in the reaction? 
    a. 27
    b. 3
    c. 4
    d. 54
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

7. What product is formed by alpha emission from uranium-235? 
    a. ²³¹Th
    b. ²³³Th
    c. ²³⁵U
    d. ²³⁶U
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

8. How many valence electrons does ²⁸Si have 
    a. 14
    b. 10
    c. 4
    d. 2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

9. What fourth period element is represented by the dot formula E° 
    a. K
    b. Ca
    c. Se
    d. Br
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

10. The charge on a indium ion is 
    a. +3
    b. +2
    c. 0
    d. -2
    e. -3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

11. Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a +1 charge? 
    a. ¹⁴Mg
    b. ³¹S
    c. ²¹K
    d. ⁷⁹B
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

12. Which formula would be correct for an ionic compound formed between iron and chlorine? 
    a. FeCl
    b. FeC1₂
    c. FeC1₃
    d. not enough information is given
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

13. What is the name of CaCl₂? 
    a. calcium (II) chloride
    b. dicalcium chloride
    c. calcium chloride
    d. calcium dichloride
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

14. What is the formula of the carbonate ion
    a. CO₂^3-
    b. CO₃^3-
    c. CO₃^2-
    d. CO₂^2-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

15. A bond formed between two identical atoms will be 
    a. ionic
    b. covalent
    c. atomic
    d. metallic
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

16. Which of the following does not describe the gaseous state? 
    a. Same shape as a closed container
    b. Same volume as a closed container
    c. Difficult to compress
    d. Easy to warm up
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

17. Which of the following is metric units of mass? 
    a. pound
    b. gram
    c. milliliter
    d. g/mL
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

18. Which of the following is a chemical property? 
    a. melting point
    b. weight
    c. rusting
    d. temperature
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

19. Which of the following is a pure substance? 
    a. sugar
    b. eggs
    c. beer
    d. salad dressing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

20. What is the chemical symbol for calcium? 
    a. C
    b. Ca
    c. Cl
    d. Cu
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

21. In scientific notation, the number 0.046 is expressed as 
    a. 46 x 10^-3
    b. 4.6 x 10^-3
    c. 4.6 x 10^-2
    d. 46 x 10^-2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

22. Which of the following numbers contains six significant figures? 
    a. 230,100
    b. 2,301.00
    c. 0.23010
    d. 0.002301
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

23. The smallest piece of an element that retains that element's characteristics is the 
    a. molecule
    b. neutron
    c. atom
    d. proton
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

24. Which of the following is not a solution? 
    a. A mixture of N₂ and O₂ gases.
    b. A coin made from Ni and Cu metals.
    c. Great Salt Lake water.
    d. Mississippi river mud.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

25. The strongest force of attraction between two molecules of SiCl₄ would be 
    a. London forces
    b. dipole-dipole interactions
    c. hydrogen bonds
    d. ionic bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

26. The formula 
    a. an empirical formula
    b. a molecular formula
    c. a condensed formula
    d. a structural formula
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

27. There are 2.54 cm in 1.0 inch. How many cm are in 4.5 inches? 
    a. 29.2
    b. 0.221
    c. 4.53
    d. none of the above
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

28. The electron configuration of oxygen is 
    a. ls² 2p⁴
    b. 2s² 2p⁴
    c. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶
    d. none of the above
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

29. On the periodic table, atomic size increases 
    a. up and to the right
    b. up and to the left
    c. down and to the right
    d. down and to the left
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

30. An element reacts with chlorine to form EC1₃. The location of this element is 
    a. group 1
    b. group 3
    c. period 3
    d. period 1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

31. The molecular shape of O=Si=O is 
    a. linear
    b. bent
    c. pyramidal
    d. tetrahedral
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

32. The type of bond forming between nitrogen and fluorine is 
    a. ionic
    b. polar covalent
    c. nonpolar covalent
    d. metallic
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

31 The name of PC1₅ is 
    a. phosphate pentachloride
    b. monophosphorous pentachloride
    c. phosphorous pentachloride
    d. phosphorous chloride
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

34. The coefficients for the reaction C₃H₈ + O₂ ----> H₂O + CO₂ are 
    a. 1, 10, 4, 3
    b. 1, 5, 4, 3
    c. 1, 10, 3, 4
    d. 1, 5, 3, 4
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

35. The number of neutrons in ⁶⁴Cu is 
    a. 64
    b. 29
    c. 35
    d. none of the above